Seawalls are commonly constructed to prevent landward erosion of the shoreline and to maintain the configuration of the area behind them against wave action. In order to consider the effect of seawalls on surf zone hydrodynamics, experiments have been performed at laboratory model scale on PARTIALLY REFLECTIVE seawalls located in the surf zone. The main objectives of these experiments were to undertake a quantitative comparison of near-bed velocities in two cases (i.e. with and without the REFLECTIVE structure). The presence of a REFLECTIVE structure and the influence of reflected waves result in significant changes in the mean flow and the near-bed horizontal velocities in the surf zone. The latter is illustrated by comparing the probabilistic properties of velocities measured with and without a REFLECTIVE structure. In this paper, a semi-empirical approach based on the measured probability density functions of near-bed horizontal velocities, is presented to predict the short-term response of a PARTIALLY REFLECTIVE seawall to random wave attack. The results obtained from the model and comparison with the experimental results, which have been reported previously are promising and encouraging for further developments of the preliminary model.

Purpose: To develop a guideline for the treatment of incompletely removed histopathologically documented ocular SURFACE neoplasia (OSSN) with mitomycin C (MMC).Materials & Methods: Through an interventional case series, 17 eyes of 17 patients presented with incompletely removed OSSN were treated according to a protocol using 2-3 alternate 7-day courses of MMC 0.04%. Clinical recurrence was re-treated with the same protocol. All patients had weekly follow up visits to the end of treatment course, then biweekly visits for 3 months, and monthly visits thereafter. Results: Four patients (23.5%) experienced recurrence after the initial treatment, 3 of them responded to re-treatment and were disease-free till the end of follow up. All patients reported mild to moderate redness and irritation which was controlled with lubricants and mild corticosteroid eye drops. No serious ocular or systemic side effects were observed.Conclusion: MMC drop 0.04% used as 2-3 alternate seven-day courses is a safe and effective treatment for OSSN. Attempting more than 2 courses of treatment (up to 4) in the initial regimen may result in lower recurrence rates.

Background: This study was conducted to determine the treatment outcome of incompletely removed, histopathologically documented ocular SURFACE squamous neoplasia with mitomycin-C. Methods: Through an interventional case series, 17 eyes of 17 patients presented with incompletely removed ocular SURFACE squamous neoplasia were treated according to a protocol using two to three alternate seven-day courses of 0.04% mitomycin-C. Clinical recurrence was retreated with the same protocol. All patients had weekly follow-up visits to the end of the treatment course, then biweekly visits for three months, and monthly visits, thereafter.Results: The mean±SD follow-up period was 30.76±4.4 (range: 24.5 – 41) months. Five patients (29.4%) experienced recurrence after the initial treatment; four of them responded to retreatment and were disease-free till the end of follow-up. Survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier method was performed. Taking into account four recurrences, the 41-month nonrecurrence rate was 70.6%. However, including four of five patients with recurrence who responded to retreatment, the final outcome in survival analysis was 94.1% nonrecurrence for 41 months of follow-up.All patients reported mild to moderate redness and irritation which were controlled with lubricants and mild corticosteroid eye drops. No serious ocular or systemic side effects were observed.Conclusion: Point zero four percent (0.04%) mitomycin-C drop used as two to three alternate seven-day courses seems to be a safe and effective treatment for ocular SURFACE squamous neoplasia.

Recently Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator structures for enhancing directivity have found wide use in antenna design. FP Resonator antenna generally consists of primary radiator backed with a metal ground plane and a PARTIALLY REFLECTIVE SURFACE (PRS). In this paper metamaterial unit cells is utilized as PRS in FP cavity for increasing microstrip antenna directivity. As a novel design an array of Omega unit cells is proposed and designed. FP antenna performance with Omega cover and superstrate of patch and SRR is simulated and compared. For validation of purposes, the antenna is designed and simulated through using of two different 3D full-wave electromagnetic simulation tools; CST Microwave Studio and Ansoft’s High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).

The land SURFACE temperature (LST) plays a vital role in a wide range of scientific researches including climatology, hydrology, natural resources and etc. There are some determining factors which affect the land SURFACE temperature, such as the kind of SURFACE elements, topography and environmental conditions and also the amount of incoming radiation to the SURFACE. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of topographic parameters, climatic conditions and downward radiation on land SURFACE temperature using remote sensing data. For this purpose, the Landsat 8 satellite image, ASTER digital elevation model, MODIS water vapor product (MOD07) on 24 July 2018, topography and climate map of Kerman province were used. To calculate the LST and downward shortwave and longwave radiation to SURFACE the single channel and SEBAL energy balance algorithms were used, respectively. Finally, using statistical analysis the relationship between LST and independent variables, including elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation cover index and downward radiation to the SURFACE were studied. The results of the study shown that the correlation coefficient between the LST and each of the independent parameters is more than 0. 7. Also, the relationship between LST and topographic, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and downward radiation parameters at the 95% level was significant. The results of the mean of LST values in climatic conditions, including extra-dry, dry, semi-dry, Mediterranean, semiwet and wet indicate that climates classes with higher LST relative to climates classes with lower LST have means of elevation, NDVI lower and mean longwave downward radiation to SURFACE higher.